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Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 7, 2025

Establishment of Human Epithelial Enteroids and Colonoids from Whole Tissue and Biopsy

Establishment of Human Epithelial Enteroids and Colonoids from Whole Tissue and Biopsy

Published on: March 6, 2015

Human 2D Crypt Model for Assaying Intestinal Stem Cell Proliferation and Differentiation.

Yuli Wang¹, Christopher E Sims², Nancy L Allbritton¹

¹Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.

Analytical Chemistry

|June 23, 2022

Summary

A new 2D crypt model using human intestinal stem cells offers a better way to test drug effects on the gut. This platform accurately mimics intestinal physiology for preclinical drug screening.

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Last Updated: Sep 7, 2025

Establishment of Human Epithelial Enteroids and Colonoids from Whole Tissue and Biopsy

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Published on: March 6, 2015

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Three-Dimensional Culture of Murine Colonic Crypts to Study Intestinal Stem Cell Function Ex Vivo

Three-Dimensional Culture of Murine Colonic Crypts to Study Intestinal Stem Cell Function Ex Vivo

Published on: October 11, 2022

Area of Science:

Gastroenterology
Drug Discovery
In Vitro Models

Background:

The intestine is a frequent site of adverse drug reactions during clinical trials.
There is a need for advanced in vitro models for preclinical pharmaceutical compound screening.
Current models often fail to fully replicate the complex in vivo intestinal environment.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a novel 2D crypt model for studying the human intestinal epithelium.
To assess the utility of this platform for preclinical screening of pharmaceutical compounds.
To investigate the effects of various compounds on intestinal tissue homeostasis.

Main Methods:

Development of a planar, self-renewing human intestinal monolayer using primary adult gastrointestinal stem cells in a 2D crypt format.
Utilizing a two-chamber system with growth factor gradients to promote self-organization of stem and differentiated cells.
Employing immunofluorescence assays to quantify cell density, proliferation, migration, viability, and lineage localization over time.

Main Results:

The 2D crypt model successfully replicated key aspects of in vivo intestinal physiology, including cell migration, maturation, and apoptosis.
The platform demonstrated a stem cell niche and spatially segregated stem and differentiated cell compartments.
A small-scale compound screen identified hits impacting proliferation and/or differentiation, validating the model's efficacy.

Conclusions:

The 2D crypt platform is an innovative microphysiological system for emulating the gut epithelium.
This model provides a simplified and effective tool for preclinical screening of compounds affecting intestinal tissue.
The platform advances the development of in vitro systems for pharmaceutical research and drug safety assessment.