Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Pecan Shell Water Extracts

This study examined the chemical composition and antioxidant properties of the extracts obtained from two byproduct streams generated at a commercial pecan nut shelling operation. Byproduct stream F contained more pecan nut meat pieces and packing material than stream S, consisting of mainly hard outer shell pieces. Samples from Native variety nuts were processed using subcritical, sonication aided and microwave heating, using water as a solvent. Ferric reducing capacity (FRAP), Total Phenolic Content (TPC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and ABTS [2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)] assays were used to determine antioxidant properties of the extracts. The experimental results clearly demonstrated that the chemical composition of the industrial byproducts was significantly different from the hand-separated shells. All the water extracts exhibited significant DPPH, ABTS and FRAP activity. The highest antioxidant capacity was obtained with the extracts obtained via subcritical water at 80 °C. This is the first report published in the literature on the antioxidant properties of water extracts obtained from industrial byproducts from a pecan nut shelling operation processing Native variety. New data generated in this study expand our knowledge of the properties of industrial nut shelling industry byproducts and help to evaluate the potential use of the shell extracts as antioxidants in various applications.