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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
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The Nucleolus02:55

The Nucleolus

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The nucleolus is the most prominent substructure of the nucleus. When it was first discovered, it was considered to be an isolated organelle that forms fibrils and granules. In 1931, the relationship between the nucleolus and chromosomes was first described by Heitz. He observed that the appearance and size of nucleolus varies depending on the stage of the cell cycle. He also noticed constricted regions on different chromosomes clustered together at definite cell cycle stages. These regions,...
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Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

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Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
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Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
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Dual CRISPR-Interference Strategy for Targeting Synthetic Lethal Interactions Between Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer Cells
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Predictive and Prognostic Value of Non-Coding RNA in Breast Cancer.

Navid Sobhani1, Richard Chahwan2, Raheleh Roudi3

  • 1Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Cancers
|June 24, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are crucial in cell activity and cancer. This review explores the diagnostic and prognostic potential of ncRNAs in breast cancer research and clinical applications.

Keywords:
biomarkersbreast cancerdiagnosticnon-coding RNAprognostic

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Cancer research historically focused on protein-coding genes.
  • Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a recently discovered class of molecules with significant cellular regulatory roles.
  • ncRNAs are prevalent and diverse, acting as both oncogenes and tumor suppressors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the prognostic and diagnostic significance of ncRNAs in breast cancer.
  • To highlight the emerging role of ncRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in oncology.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on ncRNAs in breast cancer.
  • Analysis of ncRNA involvement in cancer cell activity.
  • Evaluation of clinical trial data for ncRNA-based biomarkers and therapies.

Main Results:

  • ncRNAs play critical roles in cellular processes relevant to cancer development.
  • Numerous ncRNAs have been identified as oncogenic or tumor-suppressive in breast cancer.
  • Emerging evidence supports the use of ncRNAs in clinical settings.

Conclusions:

  • ncRNAs represent a vital area of breast cancer research.
  • ncRNAs hold significant promise as diagnostic and prognostic tools for breast cancer.
  • Further investigation into ncRNAs could lead to novel therapeutic strategies for breast cancer.