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Advances in OCT Imaging in Myopia and Pathologic Myopia.

Yong Li1,2, Feihui Zheng1, Li Lian Foo1,2

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Summary

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) advance myopia research. These imaging techniques improve diagnosis, treatment, and understanding of myopia and its complications.

Keywords:
imagingmyopiaoptical coherence tomography (OCT)optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA)pathologic myopia

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Myopia and its complications pose significant challenges in eye care.
  • Traditional imaging methods have limitations in visualizing the complex structures affected by myopia.
  • Advancements in optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) offer new diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of advanced OCT and OCTA technologies on the understanding, diagnosis, and management of myopia.
  • To highlight the applications of various OCT/OCTA systems, including swept source, widefield, and anterior segment imaging.
  • To discuss the role of OCTA in evaluating microvasculature and the potential of artificial intelligence in myopia imaging.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent advancements in OCT and OCTA technology.
  • Application of anterior segment OCT for lens optimization and decentration detection.
  • Utilization of widefield OCT for peripheral retinal lesion and staphyloma evaluation.
  • OCT-based classification and management guidelines for myopic traction maculopathy.
  • OCTA for quantitative assessment of retinal microvasculature and choriocapillaris.
  • Exploration of artificial intelligence applications in OCT/OCTA imaging for myopia.

Main Results:

  • OCT provides enhanced imaging of vitreous properties, choroidal thickness, and peripheral retinal abnormalities in myopic eyes.
  • OCT imaging has led to new classifications and management strategies for myopic traction maculopathy and dome-shaped macula.
  • OCTA enables quantitative evaluation of microvasculature, aiding in early detection of myopic choroidal neovascularization and therapy assessment.
  • Artificial intelligence integrated with OCT/OCTA shows promising results in myopia management.

Conclusions:

  • Advanced OCT and OCTA technologies have revolutionized the study and clinical management of myopia and its complications.
  • These imaging modalities offer unprecedented insights into ocular structures, enabling precise diagnosis and personalized treatment strategies.
  • The integration of AI with OCT/OCTA holds significant potential for future advancements in myopia research and patient care.