Secondary Malignant Tumors Arising in Nevus Sebaceus: Two Case Reports

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Oncology

Background:

• Nevus sebaceus is a congenital benign skin tumor typically found on the scalp or face.
• Malignant transformation within nevus sebaceus, though uncommon, can occur in adulthood.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present two distinct cases of secondary malignant tumors arising in nevus sebaceus.
• To document rare occurrences of basal cell carcinoma and sebaceus carcinoma originating from nevus sebaceus.

Main Methods:

• Case report presentation.
• Clinical and pathological review of two patients with nevus sebaceus and secondary malignancies.

Main Results:

• One patient developed basal cell carcinoma on the face, a known but infrequent complication.
• The second patient presented with sebaceus carcinoma on the lower back, an exceptionally rare site for nevus sebaceus and its malignant transformation.

Conclusions:

• Nevus sebaceus can rarely undergo malignant transformation into basal cell carcinoma and sebaceus carcinoma.
• These cases underscore the need for vigilance in diagnosing and managing secondary malignancies in patients with nevus sebaceus, even in atypical locations.