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Solid Anorganic Particles and Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Histopathology Study.

Lenka Čábalová1, Kristina Čabanová2,3, Hana Bielniková4

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Ostrava, 708 52 Ostrava, Czech Republic.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|June 24, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Airborne particles like graphite and TiO2 were found in nasal tissues of chronic rhinosinusitis patients, suggesting a link between environmental exposure and nasal inflammation. This study highlights particle deposition in compromised nasal mucosa.

Keywords:
Raman microspectroscopyairborne pollutantschronic rhinosinusitisfine and ultrafine particlesmicro- and nanosized particlesnanotoxicology

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Pathology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Extensive research highlights the pathological effects of fine and ultrafine airborne particles.
  • The pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), a prevalent condition, remains unclear.
  • Growing evidence suggests pro-inflammatory properties of airborne particles, prompting investigation into their role in CRS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detect and analyze microsized and nanosized inorganic particles in the nasal mucosa of CRS patients.
  • To compare particle composition and presence with histological findings of inflammation.
  • To compare findings with a control group from cadavers without a history of CRS.

Main Methods:

  • Raman microspectroscopy was employed for particle detection and chemical analysis.
  • Nasal mucosa tissue samples from CRS patients and a control group were analyzed.
  • Histological examination of tissue samples was performed to assess inflammation.

Main Results:

  • Solid particles were detected in 90% of CRS patient samples, compared to 20% in the control group.
  • 95% of CRS samples showed histological signs of inflammation, while all control samples were normal.
  • Detected compounds included graphite, titanium dioxide (TiO2), amorphous carbon, calcite, ankerite, and iron compounds.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides evidence for the association between environmental airborne particles and inflammatory changes in human nasal mucosa.
  • Exogenous airborne particles appear to interact with and deposit in nasal mucosa, particularly when the epithelial barrier is compromised, as seen in CRS.
  • These findings support the hypothesis that inhaled particles may play a role in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis.