Antitumor Effects of Orally Administered Rare Sugar D-Allose in Bladder Cancer
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Updated: Sep 6, 2025
An Orthotopic Bladder Cancer Model for Gene Delivery Studies
Published on: December 1, 2013
Yoichiro Tohi1, Rikiya Taoka1, Xia Zhang1
1Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-cho 761-0793, Japan.
Abstract:
D-allose is a rare sugar that has been reported to up-regulate thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) expression and affect the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the antitumor effect of D-allose is unknown. This study aimed to determine whether orally administered D-allose could be a candidate drug against bladder cancer (BC). To this end, BC cell lines were treated with varying concentrations of D-allose (10, 25, and 50 mM). Cell viability and intracellular ROS levels were assessed using cell viability assay and flow cytometry. TXNIP expression was evaluated using Western blotting. The antitumor effect of orally administered D-allose was assessed using a xenograft mouse model. D-allose reduced cell viability and induced intracellular ROS production in BC cells. Moreover, D-allose stimulated TXNIP expression in a dose-dependent manner. Co-treatment of D-allose and the antioxidant L-glutathione canceled the D-allose-induced reduction in cell viability and intracellular ROS elevation. Furthermore, oral administration of D-allose inhibited tumor growth without adverse effects (p < 0.05). Histopathological findings in tumor tissues showed that D-allose decreased the nuclear fission rate from 4.1 to 1.1% (p = 0.004). Oral administration of D-allose suppressed BC growth in a preclinical mouse model, possibly through up-regulation of TXNIP expression followed by an increase in intracellular ROS. Therefore, D-allose is a potential therapeutic compound for the treatment of BC.
Insights
D-allose, a rare sugar, shows potential as a bladder cancer (BC) treatment. It reduces cancer cell viability and tumor growth in mice by increasing thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- D-allose, a rare sugar, is known to modulate thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production.
- The potential antitumor effects of D-allose remain largely unexplored, particularly in the context of bladder cancer (BC).
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the antitumor efficacy of D-allose against bladder cancer.
- To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, including the role of TXNIP and ROS, in D-allose's anti-BC effects.
Main Methods:
- Bladder cancer cell lines were treated with D-allose (10-50 mM) to assess cell viability and intracellular ROS levels.
- TXNIP expression was analyzed using Western blotting.
- Antitumor effects were evaluated in a BC xenograft mouse model with oral D-allose administration.
Main Results:
- D-allose significantly reduced bladder cancer cell viability and increased intracellular ROS production in a dose-dependent manner.
- D-allose treatment led to a dose-dependent stimulation of TXNIP expression.
- Oral D-allose administration inhibited tumor growth in mice and decreased the nuclear fission rate, with no observed adverse effects.
Conclusions:
- D-allose demonstrates significant antitumor activity against bladder cancer in preclinical models.
- The mechanism involves the upregulation of TXNIP, leading to increased intracellular ROS and subsequent suppression of cancer cell proliferation.
- D-allose represents a promising therapeutic candidate for bladder cancer treatment.
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