Trained Immunity as a Trigger for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease-A Literature Review

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Cardiovascular Medicine
• Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis

Background:

• Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction and stroke.
• While lipid metabolism and inflammation are key, the full pathogenesis of atherosclerosis remains unclear.
• Trained immunity, characterized by an enhanced innate immune response to restimulation, has emerged as a significant factor.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the recent findings on the role of trained immunity in atherosclerotic plaque formation and development.
• To elucidate the impact of trained immunity on cardiovascular syndromes.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent studies on trained immunity and atherosclerosis.
• Analysis of the mechanisms linking trained immunity to plaque development.
• Examination of clinical implications in acute and chronic coronary syndromes.

Main Results:

• Trained immunity demonstrates significant effects on atherosclerotic plaque formation and progression.
• The enhanced innate immune response contributes to the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
• Trained immunity plays a prominent role in both acute and chronic coronary syndromes.

Conclusions:

• Trained immunity is a critical factor in the development and progression of atherosclerosis.
• Further research into trained immunity may offer new therapeutic targets for cardiovascular diseases.
• Understanding trained immunity is essential for managing patients with coronary syndromes.