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In vivo Structural Assessments of Ocular Disease in Rodent Models using Optical Coherence Tomography
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Application Progress of High-Throughput Sequencing in Ocular Diseases.

Xuejun He1, Ningzhi Zhang1, Wenye Cao1

  • 1Eye Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430060, China.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|June 24, 2022
PubMed
Summary

High-throughput sequencing (HTS) advances the study of ocular diseases by identifying pathogens and mechanisms. This technology offers efficient and comprehensive diagnosis, improving our understanding and treatment of various eye conditions.

Keywords:
biomarkershigh-throughput sequencingmicroRNAnext-generation sequencingocular disease

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Genomics
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Ocular diseases impact various eye structures, stemming from infections, systemic conditions, genetics, environment, and aging.
  • Understanding disease causes and progression is vital for effective management and prevention of vision loss.
  • Traditional diagnostic methods have limitations in comprehensively identifying the diverse causes of eye diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the application of high-throughput sequencing (HTS) in ocular disease research.
  • To highlight HTS's role in identifying pathogenic microorganisms and understanding disease mechanisms.
  • To explore how HTS can improve the diagnosis and treatment of eye diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on high-throughput sequencing applications in ophthalmology.
  • Analysis of HTS capabilities in identifying microbial pathogens (bacteria, fungi, viruses, parasites) in ocular samples.
  • Examination of HTS for discovering biomarkers and elucidating signaling pathways in eye diseases.

Main Results:

  • HTS effectively identifies normal ocular surface microbiota and a wide range of pathogens, including rare ones.
  • The technology enables direct RNA sequencing, facilitating research into disease occurrence and development.
  • HTS provides more efficient and comprehensive diagnoses compared to traditional methods, despite limitations like cost and contamination.

Conclusions:

  • High-throughput sequencing is a powerful tool for advancing the understanding of ocular disease etiology and pathogenesis.
  • HTS significantly improves the diagnostic capabilities for various eye conditions, including those caused by rare pathogens.
  • Continued application of HTS promises enhanced diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies for ocular diseases.