Factors Associated with Postpartum Sexual Dysfunction in Spanish Women: A Cross-Sectional Study

Area of Science:

• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Sexual Health
• Public Health

Background:

• Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) is a prevalent global health concern.
• Perinatal factors significantly influence FSD, particularly in the postpartum period.
• Understanding postpartum FSD is crucial for maternal well-being.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine the prevalence of FSD in the postpartum period.
• To identify sociodemographic, obstetric, and psychological factors associated with postpartum FSD.
• To inform preventive strategies and postpartum care programs.

Main Methods:

• An observational study involving 117 women in their 4th month postpartum.
• Data collected from three primary care centers in southern Spain (January 2020 - December 2021).
• Utilized the Female Sexual Function questionnaire and analyzed sociodemographic, obstetric, neonatal, and self-esteem variables, employing logistic regression.

Main Results:

• A high prevalence of FSD (89.7%) was observed in the postpartum sample.
• Instrumental vaginal delivery, university education, and prenatal preparation were significantly associated with FSD.
• Maternal age (≥35), multiparity, infant health issues, lower self-esteem, and newborn weight correlated with specific sexual function domains.

Conclusions:

• Postpartum FSD is highly prevalent and linked to identifiable, potentially preventable factors.
• A proactive approach by healthcare professionals addressing these factors is essential.
• Integration of postpartum FSD screening into existing newborn follow-up programs is recommended.