Impaired Human Sexual and Erectile Function Affecting Semen Quality, in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Pilot Study

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a rising problem, with important implications for public health. Recent evidence has revealed a link between OSA and reduced male fertility. We investigated the association between OSA and sexual and erectile function, as well as semen quality, and the effect of treatment by continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). A total of 41 male subjects, who underwent polysomnography for suspected OSA, participated in the study. Erectile and sexual function were assessed with the 15-item International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-15) questionnaire, blood samples, and sperm analysis. OSA patients after the initiation of CPAP treatment were followed for a period of 1 year. Thirty-two patients were diagnosed with OSA, and nine subjects without OSA were used as a control group. OSA patients demonstrated significantly impaired erectile function, reduced testosterone levels, and lower semen quality. Multivariable regression analysis showed that BMI and IIEF score were independent determinants of AHI. Sexual function improved after a year of CPAP therapy in OSA patients. This study provides further evidence regarding the association between OSA and erectile function impairment, as well as semen quality. Longitudinal adherence to CPAP treatment has a beneficial effect on erectile function.