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Endothelial Microparticles as Potential Biomarkers in the Assessment of Endothelial Dysfunction in

Nik Nor Izah Nik Ibrahim1,2, Razlina Abdul Rahman2,3, Maryam Azlan4

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia.

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
|June 24, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Endothelial microparticles (EMPs) are elevated in hypercholesterolemia patients, indicating endothelial dysfunction. These biomarkers correlate with impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation, suggesting their role in cardiovascular disease risk.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Biomarker Discovery
  • Endothelial Biology

Background:

  • Endothelial microparticles (EMPs) are elevated in cardiovascular diseases.
  • Specific EMP types (CD31+/42−/AV+, CD144+/AV+, CD62e+/AV+) are potential biomarkers for endothelial dysfunction.
  • Hypercholesterolemia is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease, often associated with endothelial dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare levels of specific EMPs in hypercholesterolemia patients versus healthy controls.
  • To investigate the correlation between these EMPs and endothelium-dependent vasodilation (EDV).
  • To assess the utility of EMPs as biomarkers for endothelial dysfunction in hypercholesterolemia.

Main Methods:

  • Quantification of EMPs (CD31+/42−/AV+, CD144+/AV+, CD62e+/AV+) using flow cytometry in 88 subjects (44 hypercholesterolemia patients, 44 controls).
  • Assessment of endothelial function via pulse wave analysis (PWA) combined with pharmacological challenge to determine EDV.
  • Statistical analysis to compare EMP levels and correlate them with EDV.

Main Results:

  • Significantly elevated levels of CD31+/42−/AV+, CD144+/AV+, and CD62e+/AV+ EMPs were observed in hypercholesterolemia patients compared to controls (p < 0.05 for all).
  • A significant inverse moderate correlation was found between all measured EMP types and EDV (r = -0.35 to -0.37, p < 0.002).
  • These findings indicate a direct relationship between increased EMPs and reduced endothelial function.

Conclusions:

  • All evaluated EMP subtypes are significantly increased in patients with hypercholesterolemia.
  • Circulating EMP levels demonstrate a significant inverse correlation with endothelium-dependent vasodilation.
  • EMPs serve as valuable biomarkers for detecting endothelial dysfunction associated with hypercholesterolemia.

Keywords:
endothelial functionhypercholesterolemiamicroparticlesmicrovesiclesvasodilation

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