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Updated: Sep 6, 2025

Fine-tuning the Size and Minimizing the Noise of Solid-state Nanopores
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Controllable Shrinking Fabrication of Solid-State Nanopores.

Xin Lei1,2, Jiayan Zhang1, Hao Hong2,3

  • 1School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.

Micromachines
|June 24, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Solid-state nanopores offer robust, controllable platforms for single-molecule detection. This review details methods for shrinking these nanopores, enhancing precision for applications like DNA sequencing and biomarker analysis.

Keywords:
high energy beamshrinking fabricationsize and shape controlsolid-state nanopores

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Nanopores enable single-molecule detection accuracy for DNA sequencing and biomarker analysis.
  • Solid-state nanopores offer advantages over biological ones, including robustness and manufacturability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and compare various solid-state nanopore shrinkage technologies.
  • To analyze the principles, characteristics, and outcomes of different pore sculpting methods.

Main Methods:

  • Focused ion beam and electron beam techniques for initial pore drilling.
  • Controllable shrinking technologies, particularly high-energy-beam-induced contraction with visual feedback.
  • Analysis of material migration and deposition mechanisms driving pore size changes.

Main Results:

  • Detailed comparison of nanopore shrinkage methods based on size and morphology changes.
  • Evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of each technique.
  • Understanding the role of surface tension in pore diameter modification.

Conclusions:

  • Solid-state nanopore shrinkage technologies are crucial for achieving nano and sub-nano sensing precision.
  • Continued development in these techniques promises significant advancements in nanopore sensing.
  • The field of solid-state nanopores holds a promising future for sensitive analytical applications.