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Published on: August 23, 2019
B Vitamins and Their Roles in Gut Health
Khandkar Shaharina Hossain1, Sathya Amarasena1, Shyamchand Mayengbam1
1Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada.
Abstract:
B vitamins act as coenzymes in a myriad of cellular reactions. These include energy production, methyl donor generation, neurotransmitter synthesis, and immune functions. Due to the ubiquitous roles of these vitamins, their deficiencies significantly affect the host's metabolism. Recently, novel roles of B vitamins in the homeostasis of gut microbial ecology and intestinal health continue to be unravelled. This review focuses on the functional roles and biosynthesis of B vitamins and how these vitamins influence the growth and proliferation of the gut microbiota. We have identified the gut bacteria that can produce vitamins, and their biosynthetic mechanisms are presented. The effects of B vitamin deficiencies on intestinal morphology, inflammation, and its effects on intestinal disorders are also discussed.
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