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Assessing Gene Expression Related to Cisplatin Resistance in Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines
Hyeong Sim Choi1, Young-Kyun Kim1, Pil-Young Yun1,2
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro 173 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 13620, Korea.
Abstract:
Cisplatin-based chemotherapy has been effectively used to treat oral cancer, but treatment often fails owing to the development of drug resistance. However, the important gene expression alterations associated with these resistances remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to identify the gene expressions related to cisplatin resistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines. RNA samples were obtained from three cisplatin-resistant (YD-8/CIS, YD-9/CIS, and YD-38/CIS) and -sensitive (YD-8, YD-9, and YD-38) cell lines. Global gene expression was analyzed using RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). Differentially expressed genes were determined. Based on the gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases, functional enrichment and signaling pathways analyses were performed. Candidate genes selected from RNA-Seq analysis were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis. The YD-8/CIS and YD-9/CIS samples had very similar expression patterns. qRT-PCR analysis was performed on selected genes commonly expressed between the two samples. The expression levels of 11 genes were changed in cisplatin-resistant samples compared with their parental samples; several of these genes were related to cell adhesion molecules and proteoglycans in cancer pathways. Our data provide candidate genes associated with cisplatin resistance in OSCC, but further study is required to determine which genes have an important role. Nevertheless, these results may provide new ideas to improve the clinical therapeutic outcomes of OSCC.
Insights
This study identified 11 genes linked to cisplatin resistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). These findings offer potential targets for overcoming drug resistance and improving oral cancer treatment outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Genomics
Background:
- Cisplatin chemotherapy is vital for oral cancer treatment but frequently fails due to acquired drug resistance.
- The specific gene expression changes driving cisplatin resistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify key gene expression alterations associated with cisplatin resistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines.
- To discover candidate genes that could serve as therapeutic targets for overcoming cisplatin resistance in OSCC.
Main Methods:
- RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was employed to analyze global gene expression in cisplatin-resistant and sensitive OSCC cell lines.
- Functional enrichment and pathway analyses were conducted using Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG databases.
- Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to validate candidate gene expression levels.
Main Results:
- RNA-Seq analysis revealed significant differences in gene expression between resistant and sensitive OSCC cells.
- Eleven genes showed altered expression levels in cisplatin-resistant samples compared to their parental counterparts.
- Several identified genes are implicated in cell adhesion molecules and cancer-related proteoglycan pathways.
Conclusions:
- This study identified candidate genes associated with cisplatin resistance in OSCC.
- Further research is necessary to elucidate the specific roles of these genes in treatment resistance.
- The findings may offer novel strategies to enhance the clinical efficacy of chemotherapy for OSCC patients.
