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An Internet of Things Sensor Array for Spatially and Temporally Resolved Indoor Climate Measurements
Alexander Rusch1, Thomas Rösgen1
1Institute of Fluid Dynamics, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 24, 2022
Summary
A new wireless sensor array maps indoor air quality with high resolution, crucial for infection risk analysis. This system reveals significant air quality variations, even in well-ventilated spaces, highlighting the need for advanced monitoring.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Building Physics
- Public Health
Background:
- COVID-19 highlighted the need for indoor infection risk assessment.
- Existing CO2 monitoring methods lack spatial accuracy and validation.
- Accurate indoor air quality (IAQ) data is vital for ventilation system evaluation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a high-resolution wireless sensor array for IAQ monitoring.
- To assess indoor climate variations in auditoria under real occupancy.
- To provide accurate data for infection risk analysis and ventilation system performance.
Main Methods:
- Deployment of a 50-unit wireless embedded sensor array.
- Utilized anchorless self-localization for 3D positioning.
- Reconstructed 3D air quality maps with high spatial and temporal resolution.
- Measured CO2 concentrations as a proxy for exhaled aerosols.
Main Results:
- Achieved a mean 3D Euclidean error of 0.21 m in localization.
- Demonstrated significant spatial and temporal variations in indoor climate metrics.
- Recorded cleanout time constants exceeding 30 minutes, even in well-ventilated spaces.
- Validated system performance in diverse auditoria at ETH Zurich.
Conclusions:
- Large-scale sensor arrays are essential for accurate indoor environment assessments.
- The developed system provides unprecedented resolution for IAQ analysis.
- Findings underscore the complexity of indoor air dynamics and the limitations of single-point measurements.
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