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Cardiovascular Tropism and Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Oleksandr Dmytrenko1, Kory J Lavine1,2,3

  • 1Center for Cardiovascular Research, Departmental of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Campus Box 8086, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.

Viruses
|June 24, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, affects the cardiovascular system. This review explores COVID-19

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) presents with extrapulmonary manifestations, notably affecting the cardiovascular system.
  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection targets cardiovascular cells, contributing to disease pathogenesis.
  • The precise mechanisms linking SARS-CoV-2 to acute and chronic cardiovascular complications remain under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology and pathophysiology of cardiovascular sequelae associated with COVID-19.
  • To outline proposed mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 impacts cardiovascular health.
  • To identify critical unanswered questions in cardiovascular COVID-19 research.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of epidemiological and pathophysiological studies on COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease.
  • Analysis of proposed mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis in the cardiovascular system.
  • Identification of knowledge gaps in cardiovascular COVID-19 research.

Main Results:

  • Cardiovascular cells are confirmed targets of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Proposed mechanisms include direct viral infection and inflammatory responses.
  • Both infectious and non-infectious viral components contribute to cardiovascular pathology.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding SARS-CoV-2's cardiovascular impact is crucial for patient management.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the complex mechanisms of cardiovascular sequelae.
  • Addressing outstanding questions will improve clinical outcomes for COVID-19 patients with cardiac involvement.
Keywords:
COVID-19SARS-CoV-2cardiomyocytemyocarditispericytepost-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infectionthrombosis

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