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Recombination in Coronaviruses, with a Focus on SARS-CoV-2
Daniele Focosi1, Fabrizio Maggi2
1North-Western Tuscany Blood Bank, Pisa University Hospital, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
Viruses
|June 24, 2022
Summary
RNA virus recombination is common in coronaviruses like SARS-CoV-2. This review covers evidence, nomenclature, origins, fitness, and the potential impact of recombinants on the COVID-19 pandemic.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Evolutionary Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Recombination is a significant evolutionary mechanism observed in RNA viruses.
- Coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2, are known to undergo recombination.
- Understanding viral recombination is crucial for managing infectious disease pandemics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the evidence for recombination in SARS-CoV-2.
- To standardize nomenclature for SARS-CoV-2 recombinants.
- To discuss the origin, fitness, and future implications of SARS-CoV-2 recombinants in the COVID-19 pandemic.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies investigating SARS-CoV-2 recombination.
- Analysis of existing nomenclature for viral recombinants.
- Discussion of evolutionary principles applied to coronavirus genetics.
Main Results:
- Evidence supports the occurrence of recombination in SARS-CoV-2.
- Inconsistent nomenclature for recombinants complicates tracking and analysis.
- Recombinants may possess altered fitness, influencing viral evolution and transmission.
Conclusions:
- SARS-CoV-2 recombination is an established phenomenon with implications for pandemic dynamics.
- Standardized nomenclature is needed for accurate scientific communication.
- Further research into recombinant origins, fitness, and impact is essential for predicting future pandemic trajectories.
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