Exploring the Mumps Virus Glycoproteins: A Review
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Published on: February 10, 2022
Jasmine Rae Frost1, Saba Shaikh1, Alberto Severini1,2
1Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
Abstract:
The resurgence of mumps in vaccinated adult populations has raised concerns about possible waning vaccine immunity or a potential lack of protection to the circulating strain. A number of individual studies have investigated if there are amino acid variations between the circulating wild-type strains and vaccine strains. In these studies, the HN and F mumps surface glycoproteins have been of interest, because of their role in viral infection, and because the HN protein is the target of neutralizing antibodies. Here, we summarize the single nucleotide variants and their potential effect that have been identified between mumps genotypes in the HN and F proteins.
Insights
Mumps outbreaks in vaccinated adults may stem from changes in the HN and F proteins. This study analyzes genetic variations in these key viral proteins between different mumps strains.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Genetics
Background:
- Mumps resurgence in vaccinated adults raises concerns about vaccine effectiveness.
- Waning immunity or strain-specific protection may contribute to outbreaks.
- Mumps virus surface glycoproteins, HN and F, are crucial for infection and antibody targeting.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in the HN and F proteins of mumps virus.
- To assess the potential effects of these SNVs on viral properties.
- To compare genetic variations between different mumps genotypes.
Main Methods:
- Review and summarization of existing studies identifying SNVs.
- Analysis of amino acid variations in HN and F proteins across mumps genotypes.
- Focus on genetic differences between circulating wild-type and vaccine strains.
Main Results:
- Identification of specific single nucleotide variants within the HN and F genes.
- Potential implications of these variants on viral infectivity and antigenicity.
- Documented amino acid differences between various mumps genotypes in key surface proteins.
Conclusions:
- Genetic variations in mumps HN and F proteins may influence vaccine efficacy.
- Understanding these variants is critical for assessing current vaccine performance.
- Further research into genotype-specific immunity is warranted.
