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Related Concept Videos

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder01:28

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition characterized by recurrent obsessions, compulsions, or both, which consume significant time and interfere with daily functioning. Obsessions involve persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that evoke anxiety. Common examples include irrational fears of contamination or harm. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce the anxiety caused by obsessions. For instance, individuals...
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Binge eating disorder is a significant mental health condition characterized by recurrent episodes of excessive food consumption within a short period, accompanied by a perceived loss of control over eating behavior. Unlike occasional overeating, binge eating disorder is marked by distressing emotions such as guilt, shame, and anxiety following binge episodes. The disorder affects individuals across different ages and backgrounds, with profound implications for physical and psychological...
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The development of psychological disorders, which are characterized by deviant, maladaptive, and personally distressing behaviors, has been explored through several theoretical approaches.
Biological approach
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The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) serves as the primary classification system for mental health disorders, providing standardized diagnostic criteria for clinicians and researchers. First published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, the DSM has undergone several revisions to reflect evolving psychiatric understanding. The fifth edition, DSM-5, released in 2013, introduced key updates that expanded diagnostic categories and modified diagnostic...
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Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
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Bulimia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by a cyclical pattern of binge-and-purge eating pattern. It generally involves an episode of binge eating, followed by compensatory behaviors such as vomiting, excessive exercise, laxative use, or fasting, to prevent weight gain. Despite often maintaining a normal weight, individuals with bulimia are intensely preoccupied with their body image and harbor an overwhelming fear of gaining weight. This can contribute to the...
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Assessing Burrowing, Nest Construction, and Hoarding in Mice
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Hoarding Disorder: Development in Conceptualization, Intervention, and Evaluation.

Christiana Bratiotis1, Jordana Muroff1, Nancy X Y Lin1

  • 1School of Social Work, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (Bratiotis, Lin);School of Social Work, Boston University, Boston (Muroff).

Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing)
|June 24, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hoarding disorder involves persistent difficulty discarding possessions, leading to clutter. Specialized cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) shows promise, unlike traditional obsessive-compulsive disorder treatments.

Keywords:
Clinical treatmentCommunity-based responseHoarding disorderMedicationSpecial populations

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Mental Health
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Hoarding disorder is defined by persistent difficulty discarding possessions, causing significant distress and clutter.
  • Traditional treatments for obsessive-compulsive disorder, including cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and SSRIs, are often ineffective for hoarding disorder.
  • Accumulation of possessions results from strong urges to save items, often of little perceived value.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding and treatment of hoarding disorder.
  • To highlight the limitations of traditional CBT and SSRIs for hoarding disorder.
  • To explore emerging treatment models and future research directions for hoarding disorder.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of hoarding disorder research.
  • Analysis of treatment efficacy for hoarding disorder.
  • Discussion of specialized CBT approaches and their adaptations.

Main Results:

  • Specialized CBT approaches demonstrate progress in treating hoarding disorder.
  • Modified CBT models (group, peer-facilitated, virtual) are being developed.
  • Traditional CBT and SSRIs show limited efficacy for hoarding disorder.

Conclusions:

  • Hoarding disorder requires specialized treatment approaches beyond those for obsessive-compulsive disorder.
  • Further research is needed, including studies on animal, attachment, and genetic models.
  • Interventions must consider special populations and community-based efforts to address public health impacts.