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Gastric MALT Lymphoma: A 8-Year Experience
Maria Eduarda Couto1, Isabel Oliveira1, Nelson Domingues1
1Department of Onco-Hematology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), Porto, Portugal.
Summary
Gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue non-Hodgkin lymphoma (gMALT NHL) is an indolent cancer often linked to H. pylori. Antibiotic therapy shows high effectiveness, with many patients achieving long-term survival.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Gastroenterology
- Hematology
Background:
- Gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue non-Hodgkin lymphoma (gMALT NHL) is the second most common gastric lymphoma.
- It is strongly associated with Helicobacter pylori infection, making antibiotic therapy a primary treatment option.
- Antibiotic therapy is effective in over 75% of gMALT NHL cases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze demographic features, treatment outcomes, and survival in adult gMALT NHL patients.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of first-line therapies, particularly antibiotics.
- To identify prognostic markers for survival in gMALT NHL.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of adult gMALT NHL cases diagnosed and treated at a single center over 8 years.
- Data collection included demographic features, disease stage (Lugano), IPI scores, H. pylori status, treatments received, and response.
- Survival analysis was performed, including overall survival and progression-free survival.
Main Results:
- Sixty patients (median age 61, 53.3% female) were analyzed, with most having localized disease (Lugano stage I) and low IPI scores.
- Helicobacter pylori infection prevalence was high (68.3%).
- Nearly 97% received treatment, with 55% achieving complete response after first-line therapy (mostly antibiotics). Median survival times were not reached; 15% mortality at study end.
Conclusions:
- gMALT NHL is an indolent disease with favorable long-term survival.
- Age over 65 and transformation to DLBCL are negative prognostic markers.
- While indolent, patients may require multiple treatment lines during their disease course.
