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Updated: Sep 6, 2025

A Bioluminescent and Fluorescent Orthotopic Syngeneic Murine Model of Androgen-dependent and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer
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Androgens, aging, and prostate health.

Karin Welén1, Jan-Erik Damber2

  • 1Department of Urology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. karin.welen@urology.gu.se.

Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders
|June 24, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) is increasingly used in aging men. This review finds that testosterone levels are not linked to benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) or prostate cancer (PC) risks.

Keywords:
AgingAndrogen signalingBenign prostate hyperplasiaMetabolic syndromeProstate cancerTestosterone replacement therapy

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Urology
  • Androgen Biology

Background:

  • Late onset hypogonadism (LOH) leads to increased testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) use in aging males.
  • The prostate is a target organ for androgens, and age-related conditions like benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PC) are prevalent.
  • The potential impact of TRT on prostate health is a significant concern due to these factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing data on the relationship between endogenous hormone levels and prostate growth.
  • To assess the influence of testosterone concentrations on the risk of developing BPH or PC.
  • To understand the implications of TRT for prostate health in aging men.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of existing scientific literature.
  • Analysis of data on endogenous hormone concentrations and prostate conditions.
  • Evaluation of studies investigating androgen levels and prostate health outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Circulating androgen concentrations do not appear to be associated with the risk of BPH development.
  • Endogenous hormone levels are not linked to the initiation or progression of prostate cancer (PC).
  • Prostatic tissue may exhibit insensitivity to testosterone level changes within the physiological range.

Conclusions:

  • Current evidence suggests that endogenous testosterone levels are not a significant risk factor for BPH or PC.
  • The physiological range of testosterone concentrations may not influence prostate growth or disease development.
  • Further research may clarify the long-term effects of TRT on prostate health, considering tissue sensitivity.