Ultracold Bose Gases in Dynamic Disorder with Tunable Correlation Time

Area of Science:

• Atomic, Molecular & Optical Physics
• Condensed Matter Physics
• Quantum Gases

Background:

• Ultracold atomic gases provide a controllable platform for studying quantum phenomena.
• Understanding dissipation in quantum systems is crucial for their technological application.
• Dynamic disorder introduces time-dependent perturbations, impacting system stability and dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

• To experimentally investigate the dissipative dynamics of ultracold bosonic gases in a dynamic disorder potential.
• To model the microscopic origins of dissipation in thermal clouds and Bose-Einstein condensates.
• To explore the influence of tunable correlation times on heating and particle loss rates.

Main Methods:

• Experimental measurement of heating rates in thermal clouds exposed to dynamic disorder.
• Experimental measurement of particle loss rates in Bose-Einstein condensates.
• Development of rate models to describe dissipation mechanisms.

Main Results:

• A model for the heating process in thermal clouds was developed, identifying the microscopic origin of dissipation.
• Particle loss rates in Bose-Einstein condensates were measured and found to depend on the correlation time of the disorder.
• Loss mechanisms were identified as either dominated by heating of thermal particles or creation of excitations in the superfluid.

Conclusions:

• Dissipative dynamics in ultracold bosonic gases are sensitive to the correlation time of dynamic disorder.
• Ultracold atoms serve as a versatile platform for studying spatiotemporal noise and time-dependent disorder effects.
• The interplay between superfluidity and time-dependent disorder was illuminated.