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Efficient Synthesis of All-Carbon Quaternary Centers via the Conjugate Addition of Functionalized Monoorganozinc Bromides
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An Artificial Metalloenzyme Based on a Copper Heteroscorpionate Enables sp3 C-H Functionalization via Intramolecular
Corentin Rumo1, Alina Stein1, Juliane Klehr2
1Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel CH-4058, Switzerland.
Abstract:
The selective functionalization of sp3 C-H bonds is a versatile tool for the diversification of organic compounds. Combining attractive features of homogeneous and enzymatic catalysts, artificial metalloenzymes offer an ideal means to selectively modify these inert motifs. Herein, we report on a copper(I) heteroscorpionate complex embedded within streptavidin that catalyzes the intramolecular insertion of a carbene into sp3 C-H bonds. Target residues for genetic optimization of the artificial metalloenzyme were identified by quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics simulations. Double-saturation mutagenesis yielded detailed insight on the contribution of individual amino acids on the activity and the selectivity of the artificial metalloenzyme. Mutagenesis at a third position afforded a set of artificial metalloenzymes that catalyze the enantio- and regioselective formation of β- and γ-lactams with high turnovers and promising enantioselectivities.
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