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Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
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Parent-infant interaction in the NICU: Challenges in measurement

M Richter1, K Fehringer2, J Smith3

  • 1University of Southern California, Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, 1540 Alcazar St, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States of America.

Early Human Development
|June 25, 2022
PubMed

Insights

The Nursing Child Assessment Feeding Scale (NCAFS) may not effectively measure parent-infant interaction in the NICU for preterm infants. Enhanced parent education was unexpectedly linked to lower interaction scores.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal care
  • Parent-infant interaction research
  • Developmental psychology

Background:

  • Parent-infant interaction is not well understood in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) settings, especially for high-risk dyads.
  • Existing parent-infant interaction measures are not specifically designed for preterm infants in the NICU or tailored to educational interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationships between parent-infant interaction scores (using the Nursing Child Assessment Feeding Scale - NCAFS) and various factors in the NICU.
  • To assess the impact of enhanced parental education on parent-infant interaction tailored to infant cues.

Main Methods:

  • Video recorded oral feedings of 26 preterm infants (born ≤32 weeks) by their parents in the NICU.
  • Scoring of parent-infant interaction using the NCAFS by a certified evaluator.
  • Analysis of relationships between NCAFS scores and socio-demographic factors, parent mental health, and enhanced parental education.

Main Results:

  • 65% of parent-infant dyads scored below the 10th percentile on the NCAFS.
  • No significant relationships were found between NCAFS scores and socio-demographic factors or parental mental health.
  • Dyads receiving enhanced parent education had significantly lower NCAFS scores compared to those receiving usual care (p=0.01).

Conclusions:

  • The study questions the utility and appropriateness of the NCAFS for assessing parent-infant interaction in preterm infants within the NICU.
  • Further research is needed to determine if the NCAFS accurately captures interaction dynamics in this high-risk population.
  • The findings suggest a need for NICU-specific measures that account for educational interventions and infant cues.
Abstract

Keywords:
Human developmentInteractionsParentsPremature infant

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