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Updated: Sep 6, 2025

Assessing the Coherence of Parents' Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure
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Improving Parent-Child Relationships for Young Parents in the Shadow of Complex Trauma: A Single-Case Experimental

Jacqueline Kemmis-Riggs1, Adam Dickes2, Kris Rogers2,3

  • 1Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, 100 Broadway, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia. Jacqueline.M.Kemmis-Riggs@alumni.uts.edu.au.

Child Psychiatry and Human Development
|June 26, 2022
PubMed

This study provides a preliminary evaluation of a dyadic intervention for young parents with a history of complex trauma, Holding Hands Young Parents (HHYP). Four mothers (17-22 years) and toddlers (12-33 months) completed the intervention, designed to improve parent-child relationships, parental self-regulation, self-efficacy and mental health, and child behaviour/emotional problems. An A-B single case experimental design series with follow-up and randomised baseline, used observational and self-report measures throughout. Linear mixed models demonstrated improvement in reciprocity and parental sensitivity over the treatment phase, with no evidence of shifts in scores at beginning or end of treatment. There was no evidence for changes in child engagement, negative states, intrusiveness or withdrawal. Reliable Change Index indicated improvement in parent-reported self-regulation, self-efficacy, stress and child emotional/behavioural problems from baseline to follow-up for all four mothers; depression showed reliable change for three. This study demonstrates relational change between young parents and their toddlers and provides preliminary data on the HHYP protocol.

Keywords:
Adverse childhood experiencesComplex traumaInterventionParent–child relationshipsTeenage parents

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