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A curcumin-based AIEE-active fluorescent probe for Cu2+ detection in aqueous solution.

Yang Lin1, Ao Yu1, Jinjing Wang1

  • 1Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chem, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University Haikou 570228 China jiachunman@hainanu.edu.cn jianwei.li@utu.fi liuhongtao@hainanu.edu.cn.

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Tetraphenylethylene (TPE) modified curcumin derivatives overcome aggregation-caused-quenching (ACQ) issues, enabling sensitive copper ion detection in aqueous solutions. The developed probe shows excellent fluorescence response for practical applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Organic Chemistry

Background:

  • Curcuminoids are explored as metal ion probes, but their aggregation-caused-quenching (ACQ) limits aqueous applications.
  • Tetraphenylethylene (TPE) incorporation imparts aggregation-induced emission (AIE) or aggregation-induced enhanced emission (AIEE), counteracting ACQ.
  • Developing novel probes with enhanced fluorescence properties for aqueous environments is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and investigate TPE-modified curcumin derivatives (L1-4) for AIEE properties.
  • To evaluate the potential of these derivatives as fluorescence probes for metal ion detection in aqueous solutions.
  • To develop a sensitive and reliable method for detecting Cu2+ ions.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of four TPE-curcumin analogues (L1-4).
  • Characterization of AIEE properties and fluorescence titration experiments for Cu2+ detection.
  • Determination of detection limit, binding ratio, and binding constant using techniques like mass spectrometry, Job's plot, and Benesi-Hildebrand analysis.
  • Fabrication of L1-based indicator paper for practical Cu2+ sensing.

Main Results:

  • Only L1 particles exhibited successful AIEE properties and functioned as an on-off fluorescence probe for Cu2+.
  • The detection limit for Cu2+ was determined to be 1.49 × 10-7 mol L-1.
  • The binding ratio of L1 to Cu2+ was 2:1, with a binding constant of 6.77 × 102 M-1.
  • L1-based indicator paper demonstrated a significant fluorescence response to Cu2+.

Conclusions:

  • The TPE-modified strategy effectively overcomes ACQ limitations of curcumin, enhancing its utility in aqueous solutions.
  • The developed L1 probe offers a sensitive and selective method for detecting Cu2+ ions.
  • This approach provides a feasible pathway for designing other ACQ-based probes with improved detection capabilities.