Hybrid Cementation Technique Using the New Modular System for Aseptic Knee Arthroplasty Revision Surgery

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Surgery
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• Aseptic revision of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a complex procedure.
• The Vanguard 360 Revision Knee System offers a potential solution for complex TKA revisions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes of aseptic revision TKA using the Vanguard 360 Revision Knee System with hybrid cementation.
• To assess the efficacy and potential complications associated with this specific revision technique.

Main Methods:

• Nineteen aseptic revision TKAs were performed using the Vanguard 360 system with hybrid cementation.
• Patients were assessed clinically (ROM, KSKS, KSFS) and radiographically (HKA, various X-rays) post-surgery.
• Bone scans were utilized for patients with persistent pain after one year.

Main Results:

• Significant improvements were observed in KSKS, KSFS, ROM, and HKA angle post-revision (p < 0.05).
• Seven cases required revision of the CCK prosthesis due to persistent pain.
• A 36.8% failure rate was noted at a mean of 29 months, primarily due to aseptic loosening.

Conclusions:

• The Vanguard 360 system with hybrid cementation can yield positive short-term clinical and radiological results in TKA revision.
• A high failure rate due to aseptic loosening highlights the need for further research into optimal cementation strategies.
• The role of cementation in preventing aseptic loosening requires detailed analysis for future TKA revision protocols.