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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

652
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 6, 2025

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Molecular imaging for cancer immunotherapy.

E A Lim1, C G Drake1, A Mintz2

  • 1Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York.

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Predicting immunotherapy response in cancer is crucial. Functional nuclear imaging offers a non-invasive way to visualize immune biomarkers, potentially improving patient selection and treatment outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Nuclear Medicine

Background:

  • Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment but response prediction remains a challenge.
  • Current methods often rely on tumor biopsies, which fail to capture cancer's complex heterogeneity.
  • Immune-related adverse events are a concern for non-responders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential of functional nuclear imaging agents for immuno-oncology.
  • To highlight the use of positron emission tomography with computed tomography (PET/CT) for non-invasive biomarker imaging.
  • To discuss tracers targeting key immune checkpoints and T-cell markers.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on nuclear imaging agents in immuno-oncology.
  • Focus on radiolabeled probes targeting immune biomarkers like PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4.
  • Discussion of both antibody-based and small molecule tracers.

Main Results:

  • Functional nuclear imaging offers real-time, in vivo visualization of immune biomarkers.
  • PET/CT enables non-invasive assessment of the tumor microenvironment.
  • Various tracers are under investigation for imaging key targets in immuno-oncology.

Conclusions:

  • Nuclear imaging holds promise for predicting immunotherapy response.
  • Non-invasive imaging can overcome limitations of traditional biopsy methods.
  • Further development of these agents could personalize cancer immunotherapy.