Exploiting salivary miR-375 as a clinical biomarker of oral potentially malignant disorder
Hsi-Feng Tu1,2,3, Li-Han Lin4, Kuo-Wei Chang2,3
1Department of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung Hospital, Yi-Lan, Taiwan.
Background/Purpose:
Oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMD) is an important premalignancy worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenously expressed non-coding RNAs that regulate the post-transcriptional levels of targeted mRNAs. MiRNA-375 (miR-375) is markedly downregulated in oral carcinoma tissues and plays an oncogenic role in oral carcinogenesis. We explored the potential of the deregulated salivary miR-375 levels in OPMD patients.
Materials And Methods:
. We analyzed the levels of miR-375 in the saliva of patients with OPMD (n = 45) and healthy controls (n = 24) by quantitative RT-PCR. The cell lysates and supernatants were treated with the miR-375 mimic and inhibitor.
Results:
Salivary miR-375 levels were decreased markedly in the patients with OPMD, compared with the controls. OPMD patients with non-dysplasia showed a higher abundance of miR-375 in the saliva than dysplasia patients, suggesting that salivary miR-375 is a more sensitive marker for OPMD. Patients with malignant transformation during the follow-up period showed lower expression of saliva miR-375 than the others. MiR-375 expression was markedly decreased by treatment with the miR-375 inhibitor, and the supernatants of both NHOK and SAS cells showed a corresponding decline in miR-375 expression.
Conclusion:
Our results indicate the potential application of salivary miR-375 as a biomarker for the detection and long-term follow-up of OPMD.
Insights
Salivary miR-375 levels are significantly lower in oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMD) patients. This finding suggests salivary miR-375 can serve as a valuable biomarker for OPMD detection and monitoring.
Area of Science:
- Oral oncology
- Molecular diagnostics
- Biomarker research
Background:
- Oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMD) represents a significant global health concern.
- MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression, with miR-375 known to be downregulated in oral carcinoma.
- Investigating salivary miR-375 offers a non-invasive approach to OPMD assessment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the diagnostic potential of salivary miR-375 levels in patients with OPMD.
- To evaluate miR-375 as a biomarker for OPMD detection and prognosis.
Main Methods:
- Quantitative RT-PCR was used to analyze salivary miR-375 levels in OPMD patients (n=45) and healthy controls (n=24).
- In vitro experiments involved treating cell lines with miR-375 mimics and inhibitors.
Main Results:
- Salivary miR-375 levels were markedly decreased in OPMD patients compared to controls.
- Higher miR-375 abundance was observed in non-dysplasia OPMD cases versus dysplasia cases.
- Lower salivary miR-375 expression correlated with malignant transformation during follow-up.
Conclusions:
- Salivary miR-375 demonstrates potential as a non-invasive biomarker for OPMD detection.
- miR-375 may aid in the long-term monitoring and risk stratification of OPMD patients.
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