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Related Concept Videos

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 6, 2025

Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis: An Intraocular Inflammatory Mouse Model
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Intermediate Uveitis: A Review.

Andrea York Tiang Teo1, Bjorn Kaijun Betzler1, Keith Low Qie Hua1

  • 1Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.

Ocular Immunology and Inflammation
|June 27, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Intermediate uveitis (IU) presents varied etiologies and affects all ages. Current management includes corticosteroids, immunomodulators, and biologics, with growing evidence supporting newer therapies for this intraocular inflammation.

Keywords:
Cystoid macular edemaintermediate uveitispars planitissnow ballsvitritis

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Immunology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Intermediate uveitis (IU) is an intraocular inflammatory condition affecting the vitreous, peripheral retinal vasculature, and pars plana.
  • It impacts diverse age groups without gender predilection and can manifest as the sole sign of underlying systemic or infectious diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and update the understanding of intermediate uveitis (IU).
  • To cover clinical presentation, etiologies, complications, and current treatment strategies for IU.

Main Methods:

  • A narrative literature review was conducted.
  • Key findings were synthesized from existing research on intermediate uveitis.

Main Results:

  • Etiologies of IU are diverse, including systemic illnesses, infectious diseases, and pars planitis.
  • Management options encompass corticosteroids, antimetabolites, T-cell inhibitors, biologics, and surgery, with varying efficacy.
  • Immunomodulatory agents and biologics show increasing adoption due to demonstrated safety and efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • Intermediate uveitis is characterized by inflammation in specific intraocular structures.
  • A range of treatment modalities are available, with a trend towards utilizing advanced immunomodulatory and biologic therapies.