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Nanoparticle-blockage-enabled rapid and reversible nanopore gating with tunable memory.

Rami Yazbeck1, Yixin Xu1, Tyrone Porter2

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|June 27, 2022
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Summary

Researchers developed a bioinspired method for controlling nanoscale valves using nanoparticles. This breakthrough enables rapid, reversible nanopore gating with potential applications in drug delivery and computing.

Keywords:
electrokineticgated protein channelsliposomenanoparticle blockagenanopore gating

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Area of Science:

  • Biomimetic Nanotechnology
  • Solid-State Nanopore Science
  • Chemical Transport Regulation

Background:

  • Cell membrane protein channels function as highly efficient nanoscale valves for chemical transport.
  • Developing artificial nanopores with comparable gating performance remains a significant challenge.
  • Existing artificial nanopore systems lack the speed and reversibility of biological channels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer a bioinspired artificial nanopore gating strategy that mimics biological channel function.
  • To achieve rapid, reversible, and controlled gating in solid-state nanopores.
  • To explore nanoparticle blockage as a mechanism for precise nanopore control.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized rigid and soft nanoparticles to create distinct nanopore blockage modes (trapping and contact).
  • Investigated nanoparticle-induced gating in response to electrical (voltage) and mechanical (pressure) stimuli.
  • Employed liposomes (1,2-diphytanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) as soft nanoparticles for high-efficiency gating.
  • Analyzed gating mechanisms and demonstrated controlled chemical release from single nanopores.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a novel nanoparticle-blockage strategy for nanopore gating with millisecond response times.
  • Achieved volatile memory (trapping blockage) and non-volatile memory (contact blockage) gating modes.
  • Attained 100% gating efficiency using liposomes, effectively closing the nanopore.
  • Successfully controlled chemical release through single nanopores with exceptional spatial and temporal precision.

Conclusions:

  • The developed bioinspired nanopore gating strategy offers high-performance control over chemical transport.
  • This method provides a versatile platform for applications requiring precise nanoscale valving.
  • Potential applications include advanced drug delivery systems, biotic-abiotic interfaces, and neuromorphic computing architectures.