TRPP2 ion channels: The roles in various subcellular locations
Peng-Fei Tian1, Meng-Meng Sun2, Xian-Yu Hu3
1School of Basic Medical Science, The First Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University HeFei, Anhui, 230022, China.
Biochimie
|June 27, 2022
Summary
Transient Receptor Potential Polycycstic 2 (TRPP2) channels are crucial for regulating intracellular calcium. Mutations in TRPP2 are linked to polycystic kidney and cardiovascular diseases, highlighting its importance in cellular ion homeostasis.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Cell Biology
- Physiology
Background:
- TRPP2 (Polycystin-2) is a nonselective cation channel in the TRP family.
- Its three-dimensional structure has recently been elucidated.
- TRPP2 localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum, plasma membrane, and primary cilia.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the molecular structure and subcellular localization of TRPP2.
- To elucidate the functions and mechanisms of TRPP2 in different cellular compartments.
- To discuss diseases associated with TRPP2 dysfunction.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on TRPP2 structure, localization, function, and disease association.
- Analysis of TRPP2 interactions with other ion channels (IP3R, RyR2, TRPC1, PKD1, TRPV4).
- Examination of TRPP2's role in calcium signaling and mechanosensitivity.
Main Results:
- TRPP2 functions as a calcium-activated calcium release channel on the ER.
- It acts as an ion channel regulated by epidermal growth factor at the plasma membrane.
- TRPP2 is involved in mechanosensitivity in complex with other proteins in cilia and at the plasma membrane.
Conclusions:
- TRPP2 plays diverse roles in cellular ion regulation across multiple subcellular locations.
- Dysregulation of TRPP2 function contributes to autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease.
- Understanding TRPP2 structure-function relationships is critical for diseasepathogenesis research.
Related Concept Videos
01:20Cotranslational Protein Translocation
7.5K
Translocation of proteins across membranes is an ancient process that occurs even in bacteria and archaebacteria. In fact, the components of the translocation machinery are still conserved between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Sec61 channel partners for cotranslational translocation
During cotranslational translocation, the Sec61 channel partners with the signal recognition particle (SRP), the signal recognition particle receptor (SR), and the ribosomes to transport the nascent polypeptide chain...
Sec61 channel partners for cotranslational translocation
During cotranslational translocation, the Sec61 channel partners with the signal recognition particle (SRP), the signal recognition particle receptor (SR), and the ribosomes to transport the nascent polypeptide chain...
7.5K
01:22Protein Transport to the Thylakoids
2.4K
Thylakoids are membrane-bound sac-like structures within the chloroplast that serve as sites for photosynthesis. Thylakoid lumen contains many electron transport proteins and is enclosed by a thylakoid membrane rich in the light-harvesting complex. Proteins targeted to the thylakoids are transported as precursors and are sorted by the general TOC/TIC import pathway. Once the precursor reaches the stroma, stromal processing peptidases remove their transit signal and expose thylakoid signal...
2.4K
01:12Mechanically-gated Ion Channels
6.6K
Mechanically-gated ion channels are proteins found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell membranes that open in response to mechanical stress. Tension, compression, swelling, and shear stress can alter the conformation of the protein, opening a transmembrane channel that allows the passage of ions for signal transmission. In eukaryotes, mechanically-gated channels are distributed in several regions like the neurons, lungs, skin, bladder, and heart, where they play critical roles in numerous...
6.6K
01:29Insertion of Multi-pass Transmembrane Proteins in the RER
8.2K
The rough ER membrane synthesizes, assembles, and embeds transmembrane proteins in diverse topologies. These proteins function as transporters or channels and can remain in the ER membrane or are sent to the Golgi complex, lysosome, and cell membrane.
The multipass transmembrane proteins are the type IV integral membrane proteins with multiple topogenic sequences determining their spatial arrangement in the ER membrane. Nearly all multipass proteins lack a cleavable signal sequence and use...
The multipass transmembrane proteins are the type IV integral membrane proteins with multiple topogenic sequences determining their spatial arrangement in the ER membrane. Nearly all multipass proteins lack a cleavable signal sequence and use...
8.2K
01:19Ion Channels
87.9K
The movement of ions like sodium, potassium, and calcium into and out of the cell is essential to maintain the electrochemical gradient in living cells. The ion channels—a class of membrane transport proteins—help maintain this ionic gradient for the smooth functioning of physiological activities such as maintaining cell size and volume, conducting nerve impulses, and gas and nutrient exchange.
Ion channels are specialized integral membrane proteins on the plasma membrane that allow...
Ion channels are specialized integral membrane proteins on the plasma membrane that allow...
87.9K
01:24Non-gated Ion Channels
7.1K
Ion channels are specialized proteins on the plasma membrane that allow charged ions to pass down their electrochemical gradient. Their main function is to maintain the membrane potential which is critical for cell viability. These channels are either gated or non-gated and can transport more than a thousand ions within milliseconds for the cellular event to occur.
Compared to the gated ion channels, the non-gated channels, also known as leakage or passive channels, have no gating mechanism....
Compared to the gated ion channels, the non-gated channels, also known as leakage or passive channels, have no gating mechanism....
7.1K