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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 6, 2025

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

Published on: March 12, 2020

Can electroencephalography (EEG) identify ADHD subtypes? A systematic review.

Jessica Slater¹, Ridha Joober², Brenda Lynn Koborsy¹

¹Department of Psychology, McGill University, 1205 Dr. Penfield Ave, Montreal QC H3A 1B1 Canada.

Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews

|June 27, 2022

Summary

Electroencephalography (EEG) shows potential for understanding Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) heterogeneity. Specific EEG measures may help differentiate ADHD subtypes and symptom severity, but are not yet diagnostic biomarkers.

Keywords:

ADHD Attention Developmental disorders EEG Electroencephalography Inhibitory control

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Cortical Source Analysis of High-Density EEG Recordings in Children

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Last Updated: Sep 6, 2025

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

Published on: March 12, 2020

Using Brain Activation nir-HEG/Q-EEG and Execution Measures CPTs in a ADHD Assessment Protocol

Using Brain Activation nir-HEG/Q-EEG and Execution Measures CPTs in a ADHD Assessment Protocol

Published on: April 1, 2018

Cortical Source Analysis of High-Density EEG Recordings in Children

Cortical Source Analysis of High-Density EEG Recordings in Children

Published on: June 30, 2014

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Clinical Psychology
Biomarkers

Background:

Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) exhibits significant heterogeneity.
Neural activity patterns, measured via electroencephalography (EEG), are often atypical in individuals with ADHD.
Identifying reliable EEG diagnostic biomarkers for ADHD is challenging due to this heterogeneity.

Purpose of the Study:

To review and synthesize existing literature on EEG variations in ADHD patients.
To investigate associations between ADHD subtypes and EEG characteristics.
To explore correlations between EEG measures and ADHD symptom severity and clinical presentations.

Main Methods:

Systematic literature review of studies examining electroencephalography in ADHD.
Analysis of resting-state and task-related EEG data.
Evaluation of event-related potentials (ERPs) such as N2 and P3 components.

Main Results:

EEG measures offer potential insights into ADHD heterogeneity.
Specific EEG patterns, including alpha, beta, and theta power modulations, show promise in discriminating ADHD subtypes.
Event-related components (N2, P3) and resting-state EEG alterations correlate with ADHD traits and symptom severity.

Conclusions:

Electrophysiological measures, particularly EEG, can illuminate the diverse clinical presentations of ADHD.
While promising, current EEG measures are not yet sufficient for direct ADHD diagnosis.
Future research should focus on refining EEG biomarkers to bridge the gap between research findings and clinical application.