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Related Concept Videos

Infertility in Males01:23

Infertility in Males

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Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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Infertility in Females01:28

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Female infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse and affects about 10–15% of couples worldwide. The primary cause of female infertility is ovulatory disorders, which hinder the release of eggs. These disorders can be classified as hypothalamic amenorrhea, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, and hyperprolactinemic anovulation disorders.
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MicroRNA expression in male infertility.

C F Burgos1, R Cikutovic2, M Alarcón3

  • 1Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepcion, Chile.

Reproduction, Fertility, and Development
|June 27, 2022
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Summary

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in male infertility by regulating proteins involved in pathways like PI3K-Akt signaling. This study identifies key miRNAs and their targets, offering potential biomarkers and therapeutic avenues for male reproductive health.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Molecular Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Male infertility is a complex condition influenced by multiple genetic and physiopathological factors.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are increasingly recognized for their regulatory roles in cellular processes, including male reproduction.
  • Identifying specific miRNAs and their targets is essential for understanding male infertility mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the role of miRNAs in male infertility.
  • To identify potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for male infertility disorders.
  • To elucidate the signaling pathways regulated by miRNAs in the context of male infertility.

Main Methods:

  • Review of four miRNA microarrays from patients with azoospermia, asthenozoospermia, and oligoasthenozoospermia.
  • Selection of 13 miRNAs with altered expression in testicular tissue.
  • Systematic examination of four key miRNAs (hsa-miR-16-5p, hsa-miR-19a-3p, hsa-miR-92a-3p, hsa-miR-30b-5p) and their protein targets.
  • Generation of an interaction network to identify affected signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • Thirteen miRNAs exhibited altered expression in the testes of infertile males.
  • Four specific miRNAs were identified as regulating a significant number of proteins.
  • An interaction network highlighted protein interactions and signaling pathways implicated in male infertility.
  • The PI3K-Akt signaling pathway was confirmed as the most affected pathway.

Conclusions:

  • Specific miRNAs are significantly dysregulated in male infertility.
  • The identified miRNAs and their targets provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of male infertility.
  • The PI3K-Akt pathway is a critical target for understanding and potentially treating male infertility.