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The healthy worker effect. Selection of workers and work forces.

T Wilcosky, S Wing

    Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health
    |February 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary

    The healthy worker effect, showing employed people are healthier than the general population, may be due to more than just hiring healthy individuals. Socioeconomic factors within the workforce also play a role.

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    Area of Science:

    • Occupational health
    • Epidemiology
    • Health disparities

    Background:

    • The healthy worker effect describes the observed lower mortality rates in employed populations compared to the general population.
    • This effect is commonly attributed to the healthy selection bias during the hiring process.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore potential mechanisms beyond initial hiring selection that contribute to the healthy worker effect.
    • To investigate the role of socioeconomic status (SES) and associated health differentials within the workforce.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing evidence on health variations linked to socioeconomic status within employed groups.
    • Discussion of how these intra-workforce health disparities might influence the observed healthy worker effect.

    Main Results:

    • The healthy worker effect may be influenced by the selection of workforces with higher socioeconomic status and better baseline health.
    • Evidence suggests significant health differences exist within the workforce based on socioeconomic factors.

    Conclusions:

    • The healthy worker effect is likely a multifactorial phenomenon, not solely explained by initial worker selection.
    • Socioeconomic status and related health inequalities within the workforce are important considerations in understanding the healthy worker effect.

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