Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 6, 2025

Induction of Ocular Surface Inflammation and Collection of Involved Tissues
Published on: August 4, 2022
Recurrent Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease presenting with diffuse orbital inflammation
Brandon Fram1, Andrew Fernandez1, Huzaefah Syed2
1Department of Ophthalmology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA, USA.
Purpose:
To report diffuse orbital inflammation as a manifestation of recurrent inflammation in a patient with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease.
Observations:
20-year-old African American male, who was previously diagnosed with VKH, presented with right eye pain, swelling, and binocular double vision. He had run out of methotrexate while on steroid taper. Neuroimaging was consistent with diffuse orbital inflammation with myositis. He was started on intravenous steroids and then transitioned to oral steroids, with complete resolution of his symptoms.
Conclusions And Importance:
Central nervous system involvement as a manifestation of VKH has been previously reported, however, there have been no reports of orbital inflammatory syndrome resulting from VKH. Thus, in the appropriate clinical context, orbital signs may be recognized as features of recurrent VKH.
Related Concept Videos
Glaucoma: Overview
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment
Secondary Lymphoid Organs
The spleen is a vital organ in the lymphatic system, nestled in the upper left side of the abdomen. It is composed of two primary regions: the red pulp and the white pulp, each having distinct functions. The red pulp performs a significant role in blood filtration. It efficiently purges the blood of old or damaged red blood cells and...

