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Updated: Sep 6, 2025

Imaging and Quantification of the Area of Fast-Moving Microbubbles Using a High-Speed Camera and Image Analysis
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Irrigant flow in the root canal during ultrasonic activation: A numerical fluid-structure interaction model and its

Christos Boutsioukis1, Bram Verhaagen2, Lucas W M van der Sluis3

  • 1Department of Endodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

International Endodontic Journal
|June 28, 2022
PubMed
Abstract

Keywords:
Computational Fluid DynamicsParticle Image Velocimetryhigh-speed imagingirrigationultrasonic activation

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