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Extracellular vesicles in human milk

Regina Golan-Gerstl1, Shimon Reif

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Hadassah Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care
|June 28, 2022
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Milk-derived extracellular vesicles (MDEVs) are tiny carriers of genetic material important for infant development. Research highlights their role in gene regulation, immune function, and overall infant health.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Developmental Biology
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Milk-derived extracellular vesicles (MDEVs) are nano-sized vesicles containing microRNA (miRNA), DNA, RNA, proteins, and lipids.
  • MDEVs possess therapeutic potential due to their unique properties and cargo.
  • Recent studies focus on MDEVs, their composition, and their role in mammalian development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent research on MDEVs, their cargo, and their potential functions in mammalian development.
  • To explore the significance of miRNA cargo within MDEVs for gene expression and biological processes.
  • To investigate the impact of MDEVs on infant health and development.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on MDEVs.
  • Analysis of MDEV cargo, particularly miRNA profiles.
  • Synthesis of findings related to MDEV functions in mammalian development.

Main Results:

  • Detailed characterization of miRNA cargo in MDEVs reveals their importance in regulating gene expression, immune function, and infant growth.
  • While miRNA expression in mammalian milk is documented, their specific effects on infant health remain under-investigated.
  • Maternal factors can influence miRNA activity in breast milk.

Conclusions:

  • MDEVs play a crucial role in early child development and long-term infant health.
  • Understanding MDEV functions may lead to advancements in gut maturation, immune system development, and metabolic disorder prevention.

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