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Disparities between determinants of impaired vascular structure and function in young people with primary

Karolis Azukaitis1, Manish D Sinha2, Łukasz Obrycki3

  • 1Clinic of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.

Journal of Hypertension
|June 28, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Early hypertension in children and young people impacts arterial health. Blood pressure is the main driver of arterial stiffness, while BMI also plays a role in structural changes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular research
  • Pediatric cardiology
  • Hypertension research

Background:

  • Early hypertension in children and young people (CYP) can lead to arterial changes.
  • Determinants of these arterial changes are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review independent determinants of carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), carotid wall cross-sectional area (WCSA), and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) in CYP with primary hypertension.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of studies with multivariable analysis of cfPWV, cIMT, and WCSA in CYP (up to 25 years) with primary hypertension.
  • Literature search conducted in the PubMed database.

Main Results:

  • Higher cfPWV and cIMT were reported in CYP with elevated blood pressure (BP) compared to normotensive controls.
  • BP indices were positively associated with cfPWV in most studies, while BMI showed associations with cIMT and WCSA.
  • Improvement in WCSA was linked to reduced central obesity.

Conclusions:

  • A disparity exists in determinants of structural versus functional arterial impairment in CYP with primary hypertension.
  • Increased cfPWV is primarily determined by BP, unlike cIMT and WCSA.
Abstract

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