Coilin as a regulator of NF-kB mediated inflammation in preeclampsia

The nuclear factor-Kappa B (NF-κB) pathway is a crucial mediator of inflammatory signaling. Aberrant activation of NF-κB is associated with several disorders including preeclampsia (PE). Many regulators of the NF-κB pathway have been identified, including microRNAs (miRNAs). Specifically, miR-517-3p targets mRNA encoding TNFAIP3 Interacting Protein 1 (TNIP1), an inhibitor of NF-κB signaling. Activation of NF-κB increases production of the cytokine TNF superfamily member 15 (TNFSF15), leading to the upregulation of anti-angiogenic soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (sFlt-1). We have previously observed that Cajal bodies (CBs), subnuclear domains, are associated with the chromosome 19 miRNA gene cluster (C19MC), which encodes miR-517-3p. We have also found that coilin, the CB marker protein, is a positive regulator of miRNA biogenesis. Here we report that coilin is a regulator of miR-517-3p, sFlt-1, TNIP1, TNFSF15 and NF-κB activation, and this regulation is influenced by hypoxia. We also report that coilin and CBs are induced in the reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) rat model of PE. Collectively, the data presented here implicate coilin as a novel regulator of NF-κB activation and sFlt-1 upregulation.