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The vulva encompasses the external structures of the female reproductive system. At the forefront is the monpubis, a cushion of fatty tissue atop the pubic bone. Once puberty sets in, this area typically grows hair. Extending from just behind the mons pubis are the labia majora (labia = 'lips'; majora = 'larger'), which are larger skin fs olds coated with hair. Nestled within are the labia minora (labia = 'lips'; minora = 'smaller'), which are thinner, more...
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Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
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Genital Gender Affirming Surgery.

Virginia Y Li1, Alysen Demzik2, Liem Snyder2

  • 1Department of Urology, 82579Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

The American Surgeon
|June 28, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genital gender affirming surgery effectively treats gender dysphoria. This overview covers feminizing and masculinizing procedures, emphasizing pre-operative optimization and care team coordination for transgender individuals.

Keywords:
Plastic Surgerygender affirming surgeryphalloplastyurologyvaginoplasty

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Area of Science:

  • Medical and surgical interventions
  • Transgender healthcare
  • Gender dysphoria treatment

Background:

  • Genital gender affirming surgery is a key treatment for gender dysphoria.
  • Optimizing patient health and coordinating care teams are crucial for successful outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of genital gender affirming surgery.
  • To inform healthcare providers about surgical options for transgender individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Overview of feminizing procedures: vaginoplasty and vulvoplasty.
  • Overview of masculinizing procedures: metoidioplasty and phalloplasty.

Main Results:

  • Feminizing surgery creates female genitalia, with vaginoplasty including a vaginal canal and vulvoplasty a short or absent one.
  • Masculinizing surgery constructs male genitalia using local tissue (metoidioplasty) or extra-genital tissue (phalloplasty).

Conclusions:

  • Genital gender affirming surgery offers effective treatment pathways for gender dysphoria.
  • Understanding different surgical techniques is essential for comprehensive transgender healthcare.