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Increased Mortality in Patients With Acutely Decompensated Heart Failure During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Toronto,

Tayler A Buchan1, Lakshmi Kugathasan1, Jeremy Kobulnik1,2

  • 1Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

CJC Open
|June 29, 2022
PubMed

Insights

During COVID-19, fewer acute decompensated heart failure patients sought care, leading to a 66% rise in in-hospital mortality. Improved public health messaging is crucial for chronic condition management during pandemics.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic led to reduced healthcare-seeking for non-COVID-19 conditions.
  • Previous reports indicated fewer emergency department visits and hospitalizations for acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) in 2020 compared to 2019.
  • The impact of these trends on ADHF patient outcomes remained unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the consequences of reduced healthcare utilization on ADHF patient morbidity and mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • To compare outcomes for ADHF patients presenting in early 2020 versus 2019.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative study of consecutive ADHF patients across three Toronto academic medical centers.
  • Data collected from March 1 to September 28, 2020, and compared to the same period in 2019.
  • Multivariate logistic regression used to analyze differences in hospitalization, 30-day readmission, and in-hospital mortality.

Main Results:

  • Fewer ADHF patients presented to the hospital in 2020 compared to 2019.
  • Hospital admission rates for presenting ADHF patients did not differ between the two periods.
  • Admitted ADHF patients in 2020 showed a higher ICU admission rate and a 66% relative increase in in-hospital mortality compared to 2019.

Conclusions:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with increased in-hospital mortality for acute decompensated heart failure patients.
  • Patients with chronic conditions like heart failure may require enhanced public health messaging to encourage timely hospital visits.
  • Proactive communication strategies are essential to ensure continuity of care for chronic diseases during public health crises.
Abstract

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