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Updated: Sep 6, 2025
Endoscopic Bilateral Nipple-sparing Mastectomy via a Single Axillary Incision with Immediate Pre-pectoral Implant-based Breast Reconstruction
Published on: May 17, 2024
The Batwing Mastopexy in Immediate Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction: An Aesthetic Enhancement for Patients with
Nikita Kadakia1, Jeremy W Kubiak1, Mark J Landau1
1From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Loma Linda University Health.
Background:
Historically, many patients with breast ptosis have been excluded from nipple-sparing mastectomies. By performing mastopexy at the time of immediate reconstruction, more patients with breast ptosis can be considered for nipple-sparing mastectomies. The authors review their experience of simultaneous batwing mastopexy performed at the time of immediate implant-based reconstruction.
Methods:
Using retrospective chart review, the authors identified patients who underwent immediate implant-based breast reconstruction from 2015 through 2020 at a single institution. The patients were divided into two cohorts-batwing mastopexy and standard reconstruction (no mastopexy)-and compared.
Results:
A total of 324 breast operations in 188 patients were included (80 concurrent batwing and 244 standard implant-based reconstructions). Patient characteristics were similar between the groups, except that patients in the batwing group had greater ptosis and more patients in the standard group underwent adjuvant chemotherapy. Mean follow-up was 15.9 months (range, 3.19 to 55.20 months). Complication rates were comparable in the batwing and standard groups, with no statistically significant differences in rates of hematoma (1.3 versus 3.3 percent; = 0.34), seroma (5.0 versus 8.2 percent; p = 0.34), major infection (8.8 versus 9.0 percent; p = 0.94), skin or nipple necrosis (6.3 versus 11.5 percent; p = 0.18), or explantation (11.3 versus 14.8 percent; p = 0.43). The rate of minor infections was higher in the group with concurrent batwing mastopexy (10.0 versus 3.7 percent; p = 0.03).
Conclusions:
The authors demonstrate that simultaneous batwing mastopexy can be performed safely at the time of immediate breast reconstruction. This technique provides comparable complication rates, improves aesthetic outcomes in patients with significant ptosis or macromastia, and allows nipple-sparing mastectomy to be an option for those who would otherwise be excluded.
Clinical Question/Level Of Evidence:
Therapeutic, III.
