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Phylogeny01:23

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Phylogeny is concerned with the evolutionary diversification of organisms or groups of organisms. A group of organisms with a name is called a taxon (singular). Taxa (plural) can span different levels of the evolutionary hierarchy. For instance, the group containing all birds is a taxon (comprising the class Aves), and the group of all species of daisies (the genus Bellis) is a taxon. Phylogenies can likewise include just one genus (i.e., depict species relationships) or span an entire kingdom.
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A Phylogenomic Backbone for Gastropod Molluscs.

Juan E Uribe1,2, Vanessa L González3, Iker Irisarri4,5

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Gastropod phylogeny remains debated due to diverse evolution. This study uses phylogenomics to establish a robust gastropod family tree, recognizing five key subclasses.

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Area of Science:

  • * Evolutionary biology
  • * Molecular phylogenetics
  • * Malacology

Background:

  • * Gastropods exhibit extreme diversity, complicating evolutionary studies.
  • * Previous phylogenetic analyses of gastropods lacked consensus.
  • * The evolutionary placement of deep-sea Neomphaliones was uncertain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To infer deeper cladogenetic events within Gastropoda.
  • * To determine the phylogenetic position of Neomphaliones using phylogenomics.
  • * To investigate the impact of missing data and systematic error on phylogenetic inference.

Main Methods:

  • * Generated transcriptome sequence data from 12 gastropod taxa.
  • * Employed phylogenomic approaches to analyze evolutionary relationships.
  • * Assessed the influence of missing data, homoplasy, and compositional heterogeneity.

Main Results:

  • * Recovered a highly supported gastropod phylogenetic backbone.
  • * Patellogastropoda identified as the sister lineage to all other gastropods (Orthogastropoda).
  • * Orthogastropoda divided into two main clades: Vetigastropoda s.l. and Neritimorpha + (Caenogastropoda + Heterobranchia).

Conclusions:

  • * Results support the recognition of five gastropod subclasses: Patellogastropoda, Vetigastropoda, Neritimorpha, Caenogastropoda, and Heterobranchia.
  • * The study provides a robust phylogeny for Gastropoda, clarifying deep evolutionary relationships.
  • * Phylogenomic analysis successfully resolved long-standing phylogenetic uncertainties.