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Medical Management of Children With Autism in the Emergency Department

Katherine H Wolpert1, Soo-Jeong Kim, Ian Kodish

  • 1From the Assistant professor, Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics.

Pediatric Emergency Care
|June 29, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) visit the emergency department (ED) more often. Medical evaluations require special attention to communication, environment, and associated conditions like GI problems or seizures.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental condition.
  • Children with ASD exhibit higher emergency department (ED) utilization rates compared to neurotypical peers.
  • Standard ED evaluations may not adequately address the unique needs of children with ASD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight critical considerations for evaluating children with ASD in the ED.
  • To emphasize the importance of addressing associated medical conditions in this population.
  • To guide healthcare providers in optimizing ED care for autistic children.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical considerations for ASD patients in emergency settings.
  • Identification of common medical comorbidities presenting in the ED for children with ASD.
  • Emphasis on communication strategies and environmental accommodations.

Main Results:

  • Children with ASD require tailored approaches in the ED, focusing on communication with caregivers.
  • Environmental stimulation and accommodation needs are crucial for effective evaluation.
  • Gastrointestinal issues, seizure disorders, and metabolic diseases are frequent reasons for ED visits.

Conclusions:

  • A high index of suspicion for underlying medical conditions is essential, even with behavioral concerns.
  • Integrated care approaches are necessary for children with ASD in the emergency department.
  • Optimizing ED encounters can improve health outcomes for autistic children.

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