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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 6, 2025

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

Published on: July 16, 2015

Non-linear susceptibility to interferences in declarative memory formation.

Malen D Moyano^1,2, Giulia Carbonari¹, Matías Bonilla^1,2

¹Laboratorio de Sueño y Memoria, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Instituto Tecnológico (ITBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina.

|June 29, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Memory consolidation protects against interference, but the timing is crucial. Memories are vulnerable to disruption shortly after learning (5 min, 3 h) but become protected later (30 min, 8 h).

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Last Updated: Sep 6, 2025

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The Deese-Roediger-McDermott DRM Task: A Simple Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate False Memories in the Laboratory

The Deese-Roediger-McDermott DRM Task: A Simple Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate False Memories in the Laboratory

Published on: January 31, 2017

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Psychology
Memory Research

Background:

Memory formation involves encoding, labile states, and consolidation.
Consolidated memories can re-enter a labile state for reconsolidation, allowing modification.
Existing research shows conflicting timelines for memory stabilization.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate how interference affects declarative memory consolidation at different time intervals.
To compare the impact of an amnesic agent (List 2) on memory recall (List 1) when administered at 5 min, 30 min, 3 h, and 8 h post-learning.

Main Methods:

Participants learned a list of non-syllable pairs (List 1).
An interference list (List 2) was presented at 5 min, 30 min, 3 h, or 8 h after List 1 acquisition.
Recall of List 1 and List 2 was tested 48 hours after initial learning.

Main Results:

Memory for List 1 was impaired by List 2 interference when administered 5 min or 3 h after learning.
Memory for List 1 was resistant to interference when List 2 was given 30 min or 8 h after learning.
This suggests a rapid, transient protection of memory traces.

Conclusions:

Declarative memory consolidation is not a uniform process; its susceptibility to interference varies with time.
A rapid, transient neocortical integration may explain the quick protection of memory traces.
Findings highlight the interplay of molecular and systemic factors in memory consolidation and reconsolidation.