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Nationwide longitudinal population-based study on mortality in Italy by immigrant status
Anteo Di Napoli1, Martina Ventura2, Enrico Grande3
1National Institute for Health, Migration and Poverty (INMP), Via di San Gallicano, 25a - 00153, Rome, Italy. anteo.dinapoli@inmp.it.
Scientific Reports
|June 29, 2022
Summary
Immigrant residents in Italy show a significant health advantage, with approximately half the mortality rate of native Italians. However, immigrants experience higher risks for tuberculosis, certain cancers, and homicide.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Sociology
Background:
- A comprehensive analysis of mortality among immigrant populations in Italy was lacking.
- Understanding immigrant health is crucial given Italy's evolving demographics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate and compare mortality rates between immigrant and native Italian residents.
- To identify specific causes of death where disparities exist.
Main Methods:
- A longitudinal study using 2011 National Institute of Statistics Census data.
- Follow-up from 2012-2018, analyzing mortality by immigrant status (citizenship).
- Calculation of age-standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and multivariable quasi-Poisson regression.
Main Results:
- Immigrants exhibited lower overall mortality (SMRs ~0.52 for men, ~0.51 for women) compared to Italians.
- Higher mortality among immigrants was observed for tuberculosis (SMRs ~4.6), cervical cancer (SMR ~1.58), pregnancy complications (SMR ~1.36), and homicide (SMR ~2.13) in women.
- Regression analysis confirmed lower all-cause mortality for immigrants (RR ~0.45).
Conclusions:
- Immigrants in Italy possess a notable health advantage with lower overall mortality.
- Specific health risks, including infectious diseases and certain cancers, require targeted public health interventions for immigrant populations.
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