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Atherosclerosis in Vietnamese patients with systemic sclerosis and its relationship to disease and traditional risk

Thuy Nguyen Thi Phuong1, Trang Dao Thi2, Ingrid E Lundberg3

  • 1Rheumatology Department, Bach Mai Hospital.

Rheumatology Advances in Practice
|June 30, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Vietnamese patients with Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and subclinical atherosclerosis. Risk factors include traditional and SSc-related elements, highlighting the need for early detection and management.

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Cardiology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic autoimmune disease associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity.
  • Subclinical atherosclerosis, a precursor to clinical cardiovascular disease (CVD), is a significant concern in SSc patients.
  • Understanding the prevalence and risk factors for atherosclerosis in SSc is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency of clinical and subclinical atherosclerosis in Vietnamese patients with SSc.
  • To identify risk factors associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 46 SSc patients and 42 healthy controls of Kinh ethnicity.
  • Assessment of clinical data, cardiovascular disease events, serum lipid profiles, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP).
  • Carotid Doppler ultrasonography to measure intima-media thickness (IMT) and detect carotid plaques.

Main Results:

  • SSc patients experienced significantly more CVD events than controls (21.7% vs 0%).
  • Elevated total cholesterol and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were observed in SSc patients.
  • Common carotid artery IMT was significantly higher in SSc patients, with positive correlations to age, disease duration, and lipid levels.
  • Carotid atherosclerotic plaques were present in 28.3% of SSc patients, absent in controls.

Conclusions:

  • Vietnamese SSc patients exhibit an increased risk of CVD events and subclinical atherosclerosis.
  • Both traditional and SSc-specific risk factors contribute to atherosclerosis in this cohort.
  • Findings underscore the importance of cardiovascular risk assessment in SSc management.
Abstract

Keywords:
SScatherosclerosiscarotid intima–media thicknesslipid profile

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