Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 6, 2025

Heterotopic Mucosal Engrafting Procedure for Direct Drug Delivery to the Brain in Mice
Published on: July 16, 2014
GB20 Pharmacopuncture As a Potential Method for Brain Drug Delivery via the Perivascular Spaces
Oxana Semyachkina-Glushkovskaya1,2, Inna Blokhina2, Nikita Navolokin2,3
1Department of Physics, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany.
Background:
The development of new methods of drug brain delivery is a crucial step for the effective therapy of the brain diseases. Pharma- and acupuncture are the forms of alternative therapy of the brain pathology, including an increase in the permeability of blood-brain barrier. However, the mechanisms of pharma- and acupuncture-mediated effects on the brain physiology remain not fully understood.
Results:
This pilot study on healthy mice clearly demonstrates the Evans Blue spreading in the mouse head and in the brain via the perivascular spaces (PVSs) of the trigeminal structure and the cribriform plate after the dye injection into the Feng Chi point (Galbladder 20, GB20).
Conclusion:
These results suggest that pharmacopuncture at GB20 can be a perspective method for brain drug delivery via PVSs.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
Physiological Barriers
The blood endothelial barrier is the most porous of these. It allows all small ionized, un-ionized, and lipophilic molecules to pass through the endothelial lining into the interstitial space...

